Structural and metabolic features of rats' dental pulp in cases of diet-related iodine deficiency, insulin resistance, and their combination
S.P. Huranych1, I.M. Danyliuk1, T.V. Huranych1, M.M. Bahriy2, O.Ya. Barabash1, N.M. Voronych-Semchenko1
- Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University
- Institute of the Pathology and Cytology, Clinic of Medical School of Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz72.03.059
Abstract
The features of peroxidative oxidation of proteins and lipids in dental pulp homogenate, as well as the
histological peculiarities of dental soft tissues under conditions of iodine deficiency, a high-carbohydrate diet,
and their combination, were investigated. Limited iodine content in the animals' daily diet is accompanied
by activation of peroxidation in the dental pulp (a two- to three-fold increase in pro-oxidant levels compared
to indices in intact rats), vascular congestion with stasis, plasma sequestration, and the development of
perivascular diapedesis haemorrhages. An excessive intake of carbohydrates leads to a predominant
accumulation of protein peroxidation products in the soft tissues of the teeth (an increase in the products of
oxidative protein modification by 3.3-7.3 times compared to the control), and a reduction in the area of pulp
loose connective tissue compared to baseline data. The associated effect of iodine deficiency and impaired
glucose tolerance leads to a significant increase in the intensity of oxygen-dependent reactions in dental
pulp (an increase in the content of protein and lipid peroxidation products by 3.6-5.8 times compared with
values in animals with isolated iodine deficiency and by 4.3-5.3 times related to the values in rats under a
high-carbohydrate diet). The connective tissue of the pulp is characterised by hypercellularity (a reduction
of its area per cell by 56.9% compared to the control, and by 49.5% and 54.21% related to the values
in animals with isolated iodine deprivation or under conditions of an excessive intake of carbohydrates,
respectively). The reaction of the microcirculatory bed is characterized by the accumulation of non-sulphated
glycosaminoglycans in the ground substance of the pulp connective tissue. Thus, diet-related disturbances
in humoral regulation led to oxidative stress in the dental pulp, which disrupts trophism and increases the
risk of pathological tooth loss in the context of changes in the glycaemic profile, particularly against a
background of iodine deficiency.
Keywords:
dental pulp; peroxidation of proteins and lipids; histological changes in dental soft tissues; iodine deficiency; high-carbohydrate diet
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