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ISSN 2522-9028 (Print)
ISSN 2522-9036 (Online)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz

Fiziologichnyi Zhurnal

(English title: Physiological Journal)

is a scientific journal issued by the

Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Editor-in-chief: V.F. Sagach

The journal was founded in 1955 as
1955 – 1977 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0015 – 3311)
1978 – 1993 "Fiziologicheskii zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
1994 – 2016 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
2017 – "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 2522-9028)

Fiziol. Zh. 2026; 72(3): 50-58

Biochemical composition of gastric contents in the discoordination of motor activity of the proximal gastrointestinal tract

A.M. Halinska1,2, I. A. Klenina1, O.O. Halinskyi1

  1. SI “Institute of Gastroenterology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Dnipro
  2. Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dnipro
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz72.03.050


Abstract

Disorders of neuromuscular coordination at the esophagogastric junction are accompanied by changes in motility and the biochemical composition of gastric contents, which affect the functional state of the mucous membrane. Disturbances in this region, particularly in achalasia of the cardia, allow the nature of these changes to be characterized. The study aimed to analyze biochemical and motor alterations associated with impaired neuromuscular coordination at the esophagogastric junction. To assess biochemical changes, gastric juice samples from 69 patients with impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter were collected during video gastroscopy. The functional state of the sphincters of the esophagogastroduodenal zone was investigated using balloon manometry under endoscopic guidance. In patients with achalasia of the cardia, a significant increase in the volume of gastric contents (2.9-fold) and in the concentrations of bile acids (by 78.8%), stable NO metabolites (68.2%), neuraminic acids (2.4-fold), and calcium (31.6%) was observed, along with a decrease in the levels of glycoproteins (by 85.7%), fucose (73%), and glycosaminoglycans (35.5%). At the same time, changes in pH and pepsin did not reach statistical significance. Among the manometric parameters, the most pronounced change was a decrease (by 29.2%) in the amplitude of rhythmic contractions of the esophagus. The obtained results indicate a combination of motor disturbances and alterations in the biochemical profile of gastric contents, and may suggest the involvement of mechanisms of duodenogastric reflux along with destabilization of the mucosal barrier in the pathogenesis of these changes.

Keywords: stomach; gastric juice; protective factors; aggressive factors; nitric oxide; biomarkers of oxidative stress; calcium; biochemical markers; manometric study; achalasia of the cardia.

Full text: (PDF, in English)

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