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ISSN 2522-9028 (Print)
ISSN 2522-9036 (Online)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz

Fiziologichnyi Zhurnal

is a scientific journal issued by the

Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Editor-in-chief: V.F. Sagach

The journal was founded in 1955 as
1955 – 1977 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0015 – 3311)
1978 – 1993 "Fiziologicheskii zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
1994 – 2016 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
2017 – "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 2522-9028)

Fiziol. Zh. 2003; 49(2): 7-12

Cerebral ishemia-hypoxia: biophysics of neurodegeneration and neuroprotection

I. S. Magura

    A. A. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy ofSciences of Ukraine, Kiev



Abstract

Neuronal responses to hypoxia-ischemia can be acute or chronic. In the early stages neuronal responses to ischemia-hypoxia are dependent on the modulation of ion channels. Acute responses relay mainly on O2-regulated ion channels which mediate adaptive changes in neuron excitability. Energy failure, an early consequence of hypoxia-ischemia, causes disruption of ionic homeostasis and accumulation of extracellular neurotransmitters. NMDA and AMPA/kainate receptors and Ca2+ channels contribute to excitotoxic neuronal degeneration. Excitotoxicity leads to increased Ca2+ influx, which can activate cytotoxic intracellular pathways. Reactive oxygen species (oxygen free radicals) generated during ischemiareperfusion contribute to the injury. Oxygen free-radicals serve as important signalling molecules that trigger inflamation and apoptosis. Excitatory amino acid-receptor antagonists and Ca2+ channels blockers can provide neuroprotection in experimental models of hypoxia-ischemia but disrupt normal brain function. Because of their relative lack of behavioral side effects, voltage-dependent Na+ channels blockers may have advantage over other neuroprotective mechanisms. The blockade of voltage-gated Na+ channels reduces the excitability of neurons, Na+ influx and the accumulation of intracellular Na+. These improve the ionic homeostasis and cellular energy levels and prevent ishemia-hypoxia induced neuron

Full text: (PDF, in Ukrainian)

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