DYNAMICS OF CONFORMATIONAL CHANGES IN FLUORESCENTLY LABELED G-ACTIN UPON INTERACTION WITH CYTOCHROME C AS EVIDENCE OF POTENTIAL INVOLVEMENT OF CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS IN APOPTOSIS
I.M. Prudnikov, A.M. Smirnov, V.M. Tsyvkin
Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv. Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz70.06.055
Abstract
Existing data suggest the involvement of cytoskeletal proteins,
particularly actin, in the process of apoptosis. However, the
exact role of actin remains unclear. The aim of this study was
to investigate the potential functional interaction of this protein
with one of the key participants in apoptosis, cytochrome c.
We utilized fluorescent labeling of amino acid residues of
rat brain-derived b/g-actin in its monomeric form (G-actin)
using the fluorescent dye 3-(4-carboxybenzoyl) quinoline2-carboxaldehyde (CBQCA) to monitor induced molecular
changes. It is well known that CBQCA reacts with primary
amines in the presence of cyanide to form a fluorescent
product. However, we also discovered the formation of another
fluorescent derivative when the dye reacted with the phenolic
group of free tyrosine, as well as its residues in peptides
and proteins, independent of cyanide presence. During the
investigation of conformational changes in labeled G-actin
molecules, we found that the fluorescence intensity varied in
the spectral region characteristic of the reaction product with
tyrosine residues, but not with amine groups. Specifically,
cytochrome c at micromolar concentrations decreased
fluorescence in a dose-dependent manner, indicating direct
interaction with G-actin. Actin-specific toxins and other factors
affecting its polymerization also reduced the fluorescence
intensity of labeled actin, without significantly influencing
the effect of cytochrome c. At the same time, cytochrome c
had no effect on the fluorescence of inactivated labeled actin.
Thus, by utilizing the previously undescribed CBQCA labeling
of tyrosine residues, we were able to study conformational
changes in the actin molecule and establish the interaction of
this protein with cytochrome c. It can be hypothesized that actin
is involved in apoptosis as a regulator of apoptosome assembly,
particularly through its interaction with cytochrome c.
Keywords:
3-(4-carboxybenzoyl)quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde (CBQCA); actin; apoptosis; cytochrome c; cytoskeleton; tyrosine.
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