Antinociceptive effects of color polarized light in animal with formalin test
Z.A. Tamarova, Yu.P. Limansky, S.A. Gulyar
О.О. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NationalAcademy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine
![](/images/cite.png)
Abstract
Our recent results show the efficacy of pain suppression by exposure of antinociceptive acupuncture points (APs) to white polarized (P) light. But it is known that white light contains electromagnetic waves of different length (colors) and, possibly, not all of them produce a similar effect. There are no comparative data about analgesic affects of the different colors of P light now. The purpose of this study was to clear up a question if analgesic effects of low-intensive P light depend on the color of light/wavelength. Formalin-induced pain behavior (licking of the painful area) was tested in control mice and mice exposed to one of the color of P light (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet) on the painful area or AP E-36. Exposure of the painful area or AP E-36 to color P light evoked a statistically significant decrease of the licking time in mice to 31.5-64.1% and 36.1-54.4% respectively. The red light was the most effective for pain behavior depression, analgesia averaged 64.1% and 54.4% accordingly. The analgesic effects of red light in compare to three “cold” colors (blue, green, and violet) and white light was more pronounced in case of its application on the painful area than on AP E-36. In conclusion, the intensity of analgesic effects of P lights strongly depends on its color (wavelength).
Keywords:
ñolor polarized light, formalin test, analgesia, acupuncture
References
- Gulyar CO., Kosakovsky AL. Application of BIOPTRON-PYLER-light in medicine. Kyiv: IFB NAS of Ukraine and KMAPE of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, 2006. 120 p.
- Gulyar SA, Limansky Yu.P., Tamarova ZA Color therapy of pain: treatment of pain syndromes with colored polarized light. К .: BIPH NANU, 2007. 128 p.
- Abel E.A. Phototherapy: UVB and PUVA . Cutis. 1999. 64. P.339-342.
- Ariane L.H., Stuart C. Quantifying digital vascular disease in patients with primary Raynaud’s phenomenon and systemic sclerosis . Ann. Rheum. Dis. 1998. 57. P.70-78.5. Bian X.P., Yu Z.Q., Liu D.M. The experiment studies of semiconductor GaAs-laser point’s irradiation the analgesic effect. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 1989. 14. P.379-382.
- Bossy J. Bases neurobiologiques des reflexotherapies Monographies de reflexotherapie appliquee. Paris: Masson, 1978. 180 с
- Branco K., Naeser M.A. Carpal tunnel syndrome: clinical outcome after low-level laser acupuncture, microamps transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and other alternative therapies-an open protocol study . . J. Altern. Complement Med. 1999. 5. P.5-26.
- Chen S., Ma S.X. Nitric oxide in the nucleus mediates depressor response to acupuncture (ST 36) . J. Neuro-physiol. 2003. 90. P.780-785.
- Chiba A., Nakahashi H., Chichibu S. Effect of indirect moxibustion on mouse skin . Amer. J.Chin.Med. 1997. 25,N 2. P.143-151.
- Deadman P, Al-Khafaji M. In: A Manual of Acupuncture. Cushing Malloy: Ann Arbor, MI, 1998. P.158-161.
- Dijk D.J., Boulos Z., Eastman C.I. Light treatment for sleep disorders: consensus report. II. Basic properties of circadian physiology and sleep regulation . J. Biol. Rhythms. 1995. 10. P.113-125.
- Dubuisson D., Dennis S.G. The formalin test: a quantitative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats . Pain. 1977. 4. P.161-174.
- Ennever J.F. Blue light, green light, white light, more light: treatment of neonatal jaundice . Clin. Perinatol. 1990. 17. P.467-481.
- Ernst M., Lee M.H. Sympathetic effects of manual and electrical acupuncture of the tsusanli knee point: comparison with the hoku hand point sympathetic effects . Exp. Neurol. 1986. 94. P.1-10.
- Farber P.L., Tachibana A., Campiglia H.M. Increased pain threshold following electroacupuncture: analgesia is induced mainly in meridian acupuncture points . Acupunct. Electrother Res. 1997. 22, N 2. P.109-117.
- Franklin K.B.J., Abbott F.V. Techniques for assessing the effects of drugs on nociceptive. In: Neuromethods 13 Psychopharmacodogy . Eds Boulton A.A., Baker G.B., Greenshaw A.J. Clifton, NJ: Humana, 1989. 13. P.145-216.
- Goddard G., Shen Y, Steele B., Springer N. A controlled trial of placebo versus real acupuncture . J. Pain. 2005. 6. P.237-242
- Han S.H., Yoon S.H., Cho YW. et al. Inhibitory effects of electroacupuncture on stress responses evoked by tooth-pulp stimulation in rats . Physiol. Behav. 1999. 66. P.217-222.
- Hirschl M., Katzenschlager R., Francesconi C, Kundi M. Low level laser therapy in primary Raynaud’s phenomenon--results of a placebo controlled double blind intervention study . J. Rheumatol. 2004. 31, N 12. P.2408-2412.
- Holubar K., Schmidt C. Historical, anthropological, and biological aspects of sun and the skin . Clin. Dermatol. 1998. 16. P.19-22.
- Hua Xingbang. On animal acupoints . J. Trad. Chin. Med. 1987. 7, N 4. P.301-304.
- Hunskaar S., Hole K. The formalin test in mice: dissociation between inflammatory and non-inflammatory pain . Pain. 1987. 30. P.103-114.
- Jeffrey L. No More Stab-in-the-Dark IV Sticks! . EMT-P JEMS. 2005. 30,N 10. P.90.
- Karu T. The science of low power laser therapy. London: Harwood Acad. Publ. 1998. 220 p.
- Kreczi T., Klingler D. A comparison of laser acupuncture versus placebo in radicular and pseudoradicular pains syndromes as recorded by subjective responses of patients . Acupunct. Electrother Res. 1986. 11. P.207-216.
- Kwon Y.B., Lee J.D., Lee H.J. et al. Bee venom injection into an acupuncture point reduces arthritis associated edema and nociceptive responses . Pain. 2001. 90. P.271-280.
- Lee T.M., Chan C.C., Paterson J.G. Spectral properties of phototherapy for seasonal affective disorder: a meta-analysis . Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1997. 96. P.117-121.
- Limansky Yu.P., Tamarova Z.A., Guluar S.A. Suppression of pain by exposure of acupuncture points to polarized light . Pain Research & Management. 2006. 11,N 1. P.49-57.
- Ma S.X., Ma J., Moise G., Li X.Y Responses of neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression in the brain-stem to electroacupuncture Zusanli (ST 36) in rats . Brain Res. 2005. 1037. P.70-77.
- Melchart D., Weidenhammer W., Streng A. et at. Acupuncture for chronic headaches-an epidemiological study . Headache. 2006. 46, N 4. P.632-641.
- Milchev N., Krutov G., Piperkov T. The use of low-energy lasers via action on the acupuncture points in inflammatory processes in the adnexa . Akush. Ginekol. (Sofiia). 1992. 31. P.25-27.
- Nissan J., Assif D., Gross M.D., Yaffe A., Binderman I. Effect of low intensity laser irradiation on surgically created bony defects in rats . J. Oral Rehabil. 2006. 33,N 8. P.619-924.
- Ohno T. Pain suppressive effect of low power laser irradiation. A quantitative analysis of substance P in the rat spinal dorsal root ganglion . Nippon Ika Daigaku Zasshi. 1997. 64, N 5. P.395-400.
- Olavi A., Pekka R., Pertti K., Pekka P. Effects of the infrared laser therapy at treated and non-treated trigger points . Acupunct. Electrother Res. 1989. 14, N 1. P.9-14.
- Pankratov S. Meridians Conduct Light . Raum & Zeit. 1991. 35,N 88. P.16-18.
- Peng Q., Warloe T., Berg K. et al. 5-ALA based photo-dynamic therapy . Cancer. 1997. 79. P.2282-2308.
- Piasecka A., Leyko C, Krajewska E., Bryszewska M. Effect of combined treatment with perindoprilat and low-power red light laser . Scand. J.Clin. Lab. Invest. 2000. 60. P.395-402.
- Rosland J.H., Tjolsen A., Maehle B., Hole K. The formalin test in mice: effect of formalin concentration . Pain. 1990. 42. P.235-242.
- Schwartz C. Four paws five directions: A guide to chinese medicine for cats and Dogs . Celestial arts: Berkley CA, 1996. P.13-24.
- Sing T., Yang M.M. Electroacupuncture and laser stimulation treatment: evaluated by somatosensory evoked potential in conscious rabbits . Amer. J. Chin. Med. 1997. 25. P.263-271.
- Svaasand L.Q. Photodynamic and photohyperthermic response of malignant tumours . Med. Physiol. 1985. 12. P.455-461.
- Tjolsen A., Berge O.G., Hunskaar S. et al. The formalin test: an evaluation of the method . Pain. 1992. 51. P.5-17.
- Ulett G.A., Han J., Han S. Traditional and evidence-based acupuncture: history, mechanisms, and present status . South Med. J. 1998. 91. P.1115-1120.
- Wall and Melzack’s textbook of Pain, 5th edition . Eds. McMahon S.B., Koltzenburg M. Philadelphia: Elsevier. Churchill Livingstone, 2005. 1280 p.
- Wheeler-Aceto H., Cowan A. Standardization of the rat paw formalin test for the evaluation of analgesics . Psychopharmaco. 1991. 104. P.35-44.
- Wolff K. Therapeutic photomedicine: history, state of the art, and perspectives . Curr. Probl. Dermatol. 1986. P.1-17.
- Xu R., Guo D., Qin H., Guan X. Electroacupuncture along meridians activating subcutaneous primary affer-ents in acupoints- CB HRP tracing study . Chen Tsu Yen Chiu. 1996. 21, N 4. P.54-58.
- Yang J., Tang J., Yuan B., Jia H. Responses of neurons in thalamic nucleus submedius to electrical stimulation of peroneal nerve and “zusanli” point in rats . Ibid. P.28-33.
- Zeredo J.L., Sasaki K.M., Takeuchi Y, Toda K. Antinociceptive effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation in the orofacial formalin test . Brain Res. 2005. 1032, N 1-2. P.149-153.
- Zhu L., Li C, Ji C, Li W. The effect of laser irradiation on arthritis in rats . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 1990. 15. P.71-76.
- Zimmermann M. Ethical Guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious Animals . Pain. 1983. 16. P.109-110.
|