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ISSN 2522-9028 (Print)
ISSN 2522-9036 (Online)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz

Fiziologichnyi Zhurnal

is a scientific journal issued by the

Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Editor-in-chief: V.F. Sagach

The journal was founded in 1955 as
1955 – 1977 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0015 – 3311)
1978 – 1993 "Fiziologicheskii zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
1994 – 2016 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
2017 – "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 2522-9028)

Fiziol. Zh. 2005; 51(6): 79-90

Oral and gastric diffuseneuroendocrine system: discutablequestions of structure and function

O. S.Zayachkivska, M.R.Gzhegotsky, V.I.Kovalyshyn.

    Lviv Medical University



Abstract

In recent years, diffuse neuroendocrine system (DNES) in the digestive tract attracted worldwide attention. Cells through- out the digestive tract receive information in many forms, including chemical messengers that emanate from other cells. At the turn of XIX century, the concept of nervism or entire neural control of digestive functions, developed by Pavlov prevailed. The prototype for chemical communication came with discovery of the first hormone, secretin and histamine, a non-nervous and non-gastrin compound by L.Popielski from Lviv university. This review presents past and present ad- vances in physiological mechanisms underlying digestion and newly recognized several groups of hormones and transmit- ters, that produced by digestive diffuse neuroendocrine sys- tem cells. Two-way communication pathways operate be- tween the brain and the gut, each comprising afferent fibers signaling sensory information from the gut to the brain and efferent fibers transmitting signals in opposite direction. Short intramural and long extramural reflexes are triggered as well as various gut hormones are released by feeding that “cooperate” with the “brain-gut axis” in alteration of the digestive exocrine and endocrine secretion, motility and blood circulation and feeding behavior. Up till now, researches about gastric DNES in human and animal have been reported, but the research data about representation DNES in oral cavity are scarce. In the present paper, described ultrastructure of oral endocrinocytes from rat gum mucous by electron-microscopic analysis method. Their morphological feature provides evidence of neuro- endocrine acting mode. This research can morphologically prove that the oral DNES cells is almost the same as of stom- ach and gut. It shows morphological evidence of representation brain –gut axis in oral cavity with an neuroendocrine-exocrine mode of peptide action. It suggests that the oral DNES play important role in the diversity of physiological functions, mucosal repair and reconstitutional process and homeostasis in oral cavity. Future investigation of oral DNES has opened new therapeutic approaches to various mucous injury-related diseases.

Full text: (PDF, in Ukrainian)

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