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ISSN 2522-9028 (Print)
ISSN 2522-9036 (Online)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz

Fiziologichnyi Zhurnal

(English title: Physiological Journal)

is a scientific journal issued by the

Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Editor-in-chief: V.F. Sagach

The journal was founded in 1955 as
1955 – 1977 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0015 – 3311)
1978 – 1993 "Fiziologicheskii zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
1994 – 2016 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
2017 – "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 2522-9028)

Fiziol. Zh. 2025; 71(3): 37-43

POLYMORPHISM OF THE ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME (ACE) GENE IN INDIVIDUALS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Y.A. Saienko1,2, D.S. Krasnenkov1, K.K. Midlovets1, V.V. Korcheva1, Y.E. Rebrova1,3, D.D. Yepishyna1, B.M. Mankovsky1

  1. State Institution “D.F. Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
  2. State Institution “Center for Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
  3. P.L. Shupyk National University of Health Care of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz71.03.037


Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), signifi- cantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular events and mortal- ity. One of the key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of CKD is the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, in which the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a central role. Genetic variations in the ACE1 gene, particu- larly the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism (rs4646994), may influence ACE activity and thus affect susceptibility to diabetes-related complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the ACE1 I/D polymor- phism and the presence of CKD in patients with T2DM, as well as to assess the potential protective effect of specific alleles. A total of 174 individuals were examined: 134 patients with T2DM (78 with CKD and 56 without CKD) and 40 healthy controls. Genotyping of the ACE1 I/D polymorphism was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with melting curve analysis. Genotype and allele frequencies were analyzed, Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was assessed, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated, and the Cochran–Armitage test for trend was applied. No statistically significant differ - ences in genotype or allele frequencies were found between T2DM patients (with or without CKD) and the control group. However, a trend toward a higher frequency of the D allele in the control group was observed. The calculated OR sug- gested a potentially protective effect of the D allele against the development of T2DM (OR = 0.458). Thus, within the scope of this study, no significant association was found between the ACE1 polymorphism and the presence of CKD in patients with T2DM. The observed trend toward a protective role of the D allele against T2DM warrants further investigation in larger population-based samples.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus; chronic kidney disease; angiotensin-converting enzyme; ACE1; I/D polymorphism; genetic association

Full text: (PDF, in Ukrainian)

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