It has been 70 years since the first issue of the “Physiological Journal”, a scientific and theoretical publication of the NAS of Ukraine and the O.O. Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, was published. “Physiological Journal” is a leading academic periodical in Ukraine that informs the scientific community about the state of physiological science and the practical achievements of physiologists. The pages of the journal cover issues of higher nervous activity, physiology of the nervous system, physiology of neurohumoral regulation, experimental cardiology, physiology of blood circulation, digestion, respiration, hypoxic conditions, physiology of muscle activity, comparative and age-related physiology, endocrinology and metabolism, immunology, pathophysiology, and experimental therapy. Articles are published on the history of the development of physiological and pathophysiological science, which highlight the genesis and evolution of ideas, the emergence, development and achievements of scientific schools, creative portraits of scientists, forgotten names of scientists, discussion articles, reviews of scientific literature, descriptions of new methods, as well as criticism and bibliography, reviews of scientific publications and editions, and scientific chronicles.