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P2X RECEPTORS AS A NOVEL PROMINENT PHARMACOLOGICAL TARGET FOR VARIOUS CNS DISORDERS
O. Iegorova, O. Maximyuk
Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz70.03.079

Abstract
Purinergic P2X receptors, particularly P2X7 and P2X4, are
pivotal in brain functioning and pathology, affecting various
central nervous system diseases. This review delves into P2X
receptors’ roles in various pathologies, including ischemia,
epilepsy, COVID-19, some neurodegenerative and psychiatric
disorders. P2X7’s involvement in neuroinflammatory
processes through the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome
highlights its significant role in corresponding pathologies
and their treatment, as seen in studies using selective
receptor antagonists like JNJ-55308942. Similarly, P2X4
receptor, which has the higher sensitivity to ATP than P2X7,
plays critical roles in the inflammatory response poststroke and show therapeutic potential across a spectrum of
neurological conditions. The emerging significance of P2X
receptors in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s,
Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis,
showcasing their influence on disease progression and
potential as therapeutic targets is also briefly discussed. In
psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder
and autism spectrum disorders, P2X receptors contribute to
pathology through mechanisms involving inflammation and
neuroimmune response modulation. In summary, the recent
data underscores the importance of P2X receptors in CNS
health and disease, advocating for further exploration to
uncover novel therapeutic strategies.
Keywords:
P2X receptors; CNS disorders; ATP; brain; neuroinflammation.
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