ACTIVITY OF POLIOLYTIC PATHWAY ENZYMES IN RAT KIDNEYS UNDER CONDITIONS OF DIFFERENT PROTEIN AND SUCROSE SUPPLY IN THE DIET
O.M. Voloshchuk, Н.P. Kopylchuk
Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz70.02.051

Abstract
The study examined the activity of enzymes in the polyol
pathway and the status of free radical processes in the kidneys
of rats subjected to different dietary protein and sucrose levels.
It was found that the kidneys of animals consuming a highsucrose diet, irrespective of protein content, exhibited the highest increase in the activity of polyol pathway enzymes, namely
aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase. Consumption
of a high-sucrose diet enhances the generation of O2
•- in the
kidneys by almost twofold, and hydroxyl radical by over fourfold compared to control indicators. This is accompanied by a
twofold increase in the content of TBARS-active products and
a threefold increase in the content of carbonyl derivatives of
proteins, against the background of a decrease in the content
of free thiol groups in proteins. The pronounced generation of
hydroxyl radicals, accumulation of TBARS-active products,
and reduction in the content of free SH-groups in proteins are
characteristic of animals that consumed a high-sucrose diet in
the context of dietary protein deficiency. It has been demonstrated that excessive sucrose consumption is a critical factor,
influencing the activity of enzymes in the polyol pathway and
the intensity of free radical processes. The obtained results
may be considered as predisposing factors for disruptions in
the structural and functional organization of the kidneys under
conditions of nutrient imbalance.
Keywords:
nutrients; kidney; aldose reductase; sorbitol dehydrogenase; reactive oxygen species; free radical processes.
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