Evaluation of the component’s contribution in endothelium-dependent acetylcholine-induced relaxation of the rat aorta
O.R. Mezhenskyi, I.B. Philyppov
Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz70.02.026
Abstract
The regulation of rat aorta vascular tone involves various factors, including endothelium-derived
hyperpolarization factor (EDHF), nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandins, and sensory nerves. While these
elements can function independently, their pathways intersect at various points, complicating the assessment
of their individual contributions. The aim of this study was to establish the numerical contributions of
EDHF, NO, prostaglandins, and also the effect of the sensory nerve on acetylcholine-induced relaxation on
the background of phenylephrine preconstriction using contraction and relaxation measurements in Wistar
rat thoracic aorta. EDHF, whose action is mediated through potassium channels, emerges as a crucial
regulator. Blockage of inward rectifier potassium (KIR) channels integral to EDHF significantly abolishes
50% of the relaxation amplitude in comparison to control conditions. Endothelial TRPV4 channel, exhibiting
a fine-tuning role, contributes to a 25% reduction in the amplitude of acetylcholine-induced relaxation in
comparison to control relaxation. NO demonstrates its vasodilatory prowess, with NO blockage eliminating
77% of the residual relaxation effect after KIR blockage. Blockage of prostaglandin functions, modulated
by cyclooxygenase 1, reduces relaxation by 44% in comparison to control relaxation. Desensitization of
sensory nerves with capsaicin, shows a minor yet significant role, in the reduction of acetylcholine-induced
relaxation amplitude by 10%. In conclusion, we established that the main element of acetylcholine-induced
relaxation is EDHF with approximately 50% of relaxation amplitude depending on it.
Keywords:
aorta; endothelium; endothelium dependent hyperpolarizing factor; NO; vasodilatation; TRPV4
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