Neutrophils, as effector cells of acute inflammation, play a significant role in tissue homeostasis maintaining through participation in innate and adaptive immune responses. Class A immunoglobulins (IgA) are the most common antibodies in mucous membranes, as well as the second most abundant in the blood and are considered one of the powerful regulators of the functional activity of neutrophils. The review examines the effect of IgA on the inflammatory process involving neutrophils, which involves both the nonspecific innate immune response and the antigen-dependent response of the immunity. Depending on the situation, IgA is able to initiate both pro- and anti-inflammatory neutrophil response. Examples of diseases with IgA-dependent disorders in the regulation of neutrophil activity, as well as approaches to their correction are given. Particular attention has been paid to the possible association of some diseases in which neutrophils are overactivated by IgA immune complexes with female fertility disorders.