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ISSN 2522-9028 (Print)
ISSN 2522-9036 (Online)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz

Fiziologichnyi Zhurnal

is a scientific journal issued by the

Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Editor-in-chief: V.F. Sagach

The journal was founded in 1955 as
1955 – 1977 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0015 – 3311)
1978 – 1993 "Fiziologicheskii zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
1994 – 2016 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
2017 – "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 2522-9028)

Fiziol. Zh. 2021; 67(4): 52-63


The features of metabolism and structural organization of dental system under conditions of experimental insulin resistance

S.P. Guranych1, М.М. Bagriy2, T.V. Guranych1, N.М. Voronych-Semchenko1

  1. Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
  2. Institute of the Pathology and Cytology, Clinik of Medical School of Brandenburg, Neuruppin,Germany
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz67.04.052


Abstract

Peculiarities of calcium homeostasis, the activity of energy synthesis enzymes and structural organization of the dental system in rats under conditions of insulin resistance were analyzed. It was found that impaired glucose tolerance is manifested by a decreased mineralizing ability of hard tissues of alveolar processes and teeth, accompanied by a decrease in calcium content in erythrocyte mass and alveolar processes and an increase in acid phosphatase activity in blood serum. In rats with insulin resistance a decrease in the activity of lactate- and succinate dehydrogenase was detected. Degenerative changes were observed in the bone thickness of the dental area of insulin resistant rats, which were accompanied by the development of hypercellularity of the osteogenic layer of periosteum. Reactive changes in the tooth pulp were manifested by a decrease in the area of its loose connective tissue. Hyperplastic changes with the formation of unexpressed acanthotic bands developed in the oral mucosa of experimental animals, the thickness of the basal and granular layers increased against the background of a decrease in the prickle layer of epitheliocytes. In experimental group we observed a decrease in the nuclear cytoplasmic index and an increase in keratin formation in the epithelium. A narrowing of the lumen of capillaries and arterioles of the dental area, hyperplasia of endothelial cells and an increased accumulation of glycoproteins, especially in small arteries, were also detected in experimental group. Thus, altered carbohydrate metabolism leads to the metabolic changes of teeth supporting apparatus and oral mucosa, aggravating the course of insulin resistance with the development of dental system pathology.

Keywords: insulin resistance; dental system; metabolic processes; morphology.

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