The features of metabolism and structural organization of dental system under conditions of experimental insulin resistance
S.P. Guranych1, М.М. Bagriy2, T.V. Guranych1, N.М. Voronych-Semchenko1
- Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
- Institute of the Pathology and Cytology, Clinik of Medical School of Brandenburg, Neuruppin,Germany
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz67.04.052
Abstract
Peculiarities of calcium homeostasis, the activity of energy synthesis enzymes and structural organization
of the dental system in rats under conditions of insulin resistance were analyzed. It was found that impaired
glucose tolerance is manifested by a decreased mineralizing ability of hard tissues of alveolar processes
and teeth, accompanied by a decrease in calcium content in erythrocyte mass and alveolar processes and
an increase in acid phosphatase activity in blood serum. In rats with insulin resistance a decrease in the
activity of lactate- and succinate dehydrogenase was detected. Degenerative changes were observed in the
bone thickness of the dental area of insulin resistant rats, which were accompanied by the development of
hypercellularity of the osteogenic layer of periosteum. Reactive changes in the tooth pulp were manifested by
a decrease in the area of its loose connective tissue. Hyperplastic changes with the formation of unexpressed
acanthotic bands developed in the oral mucosa of experimental animals, the thickness of the basal and
granular layers increased against the background of a decrease in the prickle layer of epitheliocytes. In
experimental group we observed a decrease in the nuclear cytoplasmic index and an increase in keratin
formation in the epithelium. A narrowing of the lumen of capillaries and arterioles of the dental area,
hyperplasia of endothelial cells and an increased accumulation of glycoproteins, especially in small arteries,
were also detected in experimental group. Thus, altered carbohydrate metabolism leads to the metabolic
changes of teeth supporting apparatus and oral mucosa, aggravating the course of insulin resistance with
the development of dental system pathology.
Keywords:
insulin resistance; dental system; metabolic processes; morphology.
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