Possibilities of using respiratory yoga gymnastics classes to influence the functional state of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) were evaluated. The study involved 30 practically healthy young foreigners, who were randomly divided into 2 groups of 15 people. The participants of the test group daily performed 15-min «pranayama» breathing exercises during 10 days. The control group consisted of 15 people who were not engaged in the breathing exercises. Heart rate variability (HRV) was recorded by using aCardioLab computer diagnostic complex (KhAI-Medica, Ukraine). There was a 7.8 ± 1.3 ms increase in the standard deviation of cardio intervals (SDNN, ms) in youth who performed the breathing exercises. Among the spectral indicators we can note an increase in the total variability of the heart rhythm due to an increase in the total power (TP, ms2) by 723 ± 174 ms2. These changes occurred mainly due to the low-frequency component (LF, ms2) increase by 658 ± 193 ms2 and partly due to the decrease of the sub-frequency component (VLF, ms2) by 174 ± 47 ms2. In the percentage structure of the spectrum of the heart rhythm, the VLF% share probably decreased by 5.7 ± 2.8%. Such dynamics of HRV indicators can be interpreted as a redistribution of the activity of peripheral ANS departments with simultaneous decrease of supersegmental regulation of cardiac rhythm by higher vegetative centers and humoral mechanisms.