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ISSN 2522-9028 (Print)
ISSN 2522-9036 (Online)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz

Fiziologichnyi Zhurnal

is a scientific journal issued by the

Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Editor-in-chief: V.F. Sagach

The journal was founded in 1955 as
1955 – 1977 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0015 – 3311)
1978 – 1993 "Fiziologicheskii zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
1994 – 2016 "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 0201 – 8489)
2017 – "Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal" (ISSN 2522-9028)

Fiziol. Zh. 2019; 65(4): 20-30

FEATURES OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE TISSUE AND MYOCARDIUM AND BLOOD MICROCIRCULATION CHARACTERISTICS UNDER DOSED PHYSICAL TRAINING IN ANIMALS WITH DIFFERENT DEGREE OF TRAINING

E.V. Rozova1, E.P. Timoshenko1, V.P. Vyunitsky3, MV. Belikova4, N.G. Sidoryak2

  1. Bogomoletz Institute of Physioligy National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
  2. Bogdan Khmelnitsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University, Ukraine
  3. Kyivsky city medical college, Ukraine
  4. National University of Physical Education and Sports of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz65.04.020


Abstract

The influence of the dosed physical training (DPT) on the structural alterations in the tissue of the gastrocnemius muscle and myocardium and the changes in th characteristics of the microcirculation of blood (MCB) in animals of different degrees of training were studied. It was shown that an acute reaction to DPT in an untrained organism from the muscle tissue, myocardium and MCB was the increase in the number of functioning capillaries (FCs) (on average 17-30% depending on the tissue type), due to the opening of reserve capillaries, which, however, occurred in parallel with the increase in histohematogenous barrier (HHB) thickness (from 256 ± 21 to 518 ± 43 nm in the gastrocnemius muscle and from 221 ± 14 to 530 ± 49 nm in the myocardium) and deterioration of the mitochondrial apparatus ultrastructure in these tissues. DPT in untrained animals influenced most on the indicators that characterize the MCB, whereas in the trained organism, the response to DPT was less pronounced. Long-term regular DPT led to the activation of primary angiogenesis and morphogenesis of mitochondria (MC) (average number of FCs increased by more than 50%, and MX - by 60-78% depending on the subpopulation of MX and investigated tissue), to the decrease in the manifestations of HHB oedema. Thus, there were formations of compensatory reactions of the cellular and tissue level as well as at MCB system to ensure adequate metabolism. It was also shown that regardless of the training of organism, the leading influence on the MCB state is exerted by active regulation mechanisms, that is, myogenic and neurogenic activity of precapillary vasomotors.

Keywords: dosed physical training; gastrocnemius muscle; myocardium; microcirculation of blood

Full text: (PDF, in Ukrainian)

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