FEATURES OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE TISSUE AND MYOCARDIUM AND BLOOD MICROCIRCULATION CHARACTERISTICS UNDER DOSED PHYSICAL TRAINING IN ANIMALS WITH DIFFERENT DEGREE OF TRAINING
E.V. Rozova1, E.P. Timoshenko1, V.P. Vyunitsky3, MV. Belikova4, N.G. Sidoryak2
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physioligy National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Bogdan Khmelnitsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University, Ukraine
- Kyivsky city medical college, Ukraine
- National University of Physical Education and Sports of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fz65.04.020
Abstract
The influence of the dosed physical training (DPT) on the
structural alterations in the tissue of the gastrocnemius muscle
and myocardium and the changes in th characteristics of
the microcirculation of blood (MCB) in animals of different
degrees of training were studied. It was shown that an acute
reaction to DPT in an untrained organism from the muscle
tissue, myocardium and MCB was the increase in the number
of functioning capillaries (FCs) (on average 17-30% depending
on the tissue type), due to the opening of reserve capillaries,
which, however, occurred in parallel with the increase in
histohematogenous barrier (HHB) thickness (from 256 ± 21
to 518 ± 43 nm in the gastrocnemius muscle and from 221 ±
14 to 530 ± 49 nm in the myocardium) and deterioration of
the mitochondrial apparatus ultrastructure in these tissues.
DPT in untrained animals influenced most on the indicators
that characterize the MCB, whereas in the trained organism,
the response to DPT was less pronounced. Long-term regular
DPT led to the activation of primary angiogenesis and morphogenesis
of mitochondria (MC) (average number of FCs
increased by more than 50%, and MX - by 60-78% depending
on the subpopulation of MX and investigated tissue), to the
decrease in the manifestations of HHB oedema. Thus, there
were formations of compensatory reactions of the cellular
and tissue level as well as at MCB system to ensure adequate
metabolism. It was also shown that regardless of the training
of organism, the leading influence on the MCB state is exerted
by active regulation mechanisms, that is, myogenic and neurogenic
activity of precapillary vasomotors.
Keywords:
dosed physical training; gastrocnemius muscle; myocardium; microcirculation of blood
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