The aim of the investigation was the determination of the systemic inflammatory process significance as a casual factor of the atherogenic blood lipoprotein (LP) modification and hypercholesterolemia (HCE) development. The availability of the HCE and atherogenic LP in blood of the patients with chronic coronary disease was established to coincide with the distinct sighs of the inflammatory process such as monocytes activation and oxidative stress development. Under the primary character of the inflammation--in children with acute respiratory infectious diseases and in conditions of experimental rendering of acute inflammation in rabbits by the intravenous injection of latex microspheres or pyrogenal there was also determined the distinct dependence between monocytes activation, increasing in blood free radical processes intensity, LP atherogenic modification and HCE development. The dependence was confirmed by the results of the paired correlative analysis. The obtained data allowed to draw a conclusion that the systemic inflammatory process and induced by it free radicals reactions in blood were the independent causal factors of atherogenesis.